What Is The Probability Of Supplier As Defective Chips?

To determine the probability that all four chips are not defective, you can employ the fundamental assumption that the defect status of each chip is unrelated to the others. This assumption hinges on the concept of independence among the chips. You calculate this probability by multiplying the individual probabilities of each chip not being defective together. In mathematical terms, it is expressed as:

P(all 4 chips not defective) = P(chip not defective) × P(chip not defective) × P(chip not defective) × P(chip not defective) = (0.98)⁴.

This calculation is grounded in the assumption of independence among the chips, where each chip has a 0.98 (98%) probability of not being defective. By raising 0.98 to the power of 4, we obtain the probability that all four chips are not defective. This approach simplifies the problem and enables us to estimate the likelihood of a non-defective outcome for all four chips.

How can we determine the probability of encountering a defective item in a given scenario? To calculate the probability of obtaining one or more defective pieces, you can use the following formula: P(>0) = 1 – P(0), where P(>0) represents the probability of at least one defect, and P(0) stands for the probability of having no defects. For instance, if P(0) is approximately 0.9460, then the probability of encountering at least one defective piece is approximately 2.44%. This method is useful for assessing the likelihood of defects in various situations, as of January 27, 2014.

In the context of rolling a standard six-sided die, it’s essential to determine the likelihood of landing on either a ‘4’ or a ‘6.’ To calculate this probability, we consider that there are two favorable outcomes (rolling a ‘4’ or a ‘6’) out of the six possible outcomes (each of the six sides of the die). Therefore, the probability of achieving a ‘4’ or a ‘6’ in a single toss of the die is 2/6, which can be simplified to 1/3. In other words, there is a one-in-three chance of getting either a ‘4’ or a ‘6’ when rolling the die once.